What are the two current drilling methods?
Release Date:
2022-10-26
Rotary drilling. A rotary table is mounted at the wellhead on the rig floor, with a square opening in its central rotating section. The square drill pipe at the top of the drill string passes through this opening, and the drill string and drill bit are connected below the square drill pipe. When the power unit drives the rotary table, it rotates the drill string and drill bit together, breaking the rock; as the drill string is continuously extended, the wellbore deepens, and cuttings are brought to the surface by the returning drilling fluid.
Rotary drilling is the currently prevailing method for geothermal well drilling, and it is classified into rotary table drilling and downhole power drilling based on the mode of power transmission.
1. Rotary drilling. A rotary table is mounted at the wellhead on the rig floor, with a square opening in its central rotating section. The square drill pipe at the top of the drill string passes through this opening, and the drill string and drill bit are connected below it. When the power unit drives the rotary table, the drill string and drill bit rotate together, breaking the rock; as the drill string is continuously extended, the wellbore deepens, and cuttings are brought to the surface by the returning drilling fluid.
2. Downhole power drills. These tools use a downhole power assembly to drive the drill bit and break the rock. A key feature is that the drill string does not rotate during drilling, resulting in reduced wear, longer service life, and particular suitability for directional drilling. Downhole power drills include turbine drills, screw drills, and electrically driven drills. The first two are powered by high-pressure mud, while the latter is electrically driven. In the early 1930s, the Soviet Union was the first to employ turbine drills for well drilling; since the 1950s, China has successively used both turbine and screw drills, primarily for directional drilling. Electric drills require special cable-equipped drill strings and have not yet been widely adopted.
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What are the two current drilling methods?
2022-10-26
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