Understand the geological structure before drilling.
Release Date:
2022-10-26
Introduction to Hot Spring Drilling: Water-source drilling is an engineering process that uses mechanical equipment to drill cylindrical boreholes of a specified depth into the earth’s strata. Prior to commencing drilling operations, it is essential to first gain a thorough understanding of the geological conditions in the target area, including rock strength, hardness, and drillability, in order to plan and execute the drilling operation in a scientifically sound and efficient manner.
Introduction to Hot Spring Drilling: Water-source drilling is an engineering process that uses mechanical equipment to drill cylindrical boreholes of a specified depth into the earth’s strata. Prior to commencing drilling operations, it is essential to first gain a thorough understanding of the geological conditions in the target area, including rock strength, hardness, and drillability, in order to plan and execute the drilling operation in a scientifically sound and efficient manner.
Impact of Rock Properties on Drilling
The lithological properties of the rock primarily affect water-source drilling in Sichuan by influencing the rate of penetration and the drill bit’s advance per revolution, thereby leading to complex drilling conditions such as lost circulation, blowouts, and stuck pipe.
1. Clayey formations. Mudstone and shale are generally soft, allowing for high penetration rates, but they are prone to bit balling. These formations readily absorb free water from the drilling fluid, causing swelling that leads to wellbore narrowing. As the soaking time increases, wellbore collapse may occur, resulting in wellbore enlargement.
2. Sandstone formations. Sandstones are generally good permeability zones, readily forming thick filter cakes on the wellbore wall, which can lead to mud cake sticking and stuck pipe. In addition, the filter cake can interfere with logging operations; therefore, drilling fluids are used.
3. Conglomerate layer. Drilling in conglomerate layers is prone to bit bounce, stuck pipe, and wellbore collapse.
4. When the formation contains soluble salts—such as gypsum or salt rock layers—attention must be paid to the impact on drilling fluid properties.
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2022-10-26
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